The norm of the Physical Activity afterschool Questionnaire for Preschooler (P-PAQ) in urban areas of China / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To establish the norm of the Physical Activity afterschool Questionnaire for Preschooler(P-PAQ) in urban areas of China, so as to provide a basis for graded guidance from the family perspective and to improve children s physical activity levels.@*Methods@#From October 2020 to January 2021, 6 267 children aged 3-6 years old were recruited from 40 kindergartens in eight cities across six major administrative regions by stratified cluster sampling, and the P-PAQ initially developed by the researchers of this study were completed by the primary caregivers. The questionnaire was administered to collect data relating to the amount of physical activity undertaken by the preschoolers, and the norm was determined by quartiles. Data relating to parental concepts of sports and parental behavior were assessed by calculating mean scores in order to establish the norm.@*Results@#Among preschoolers in urban areas, the M(P 25 ，P 75 ) of total physical activity time (min/day), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity time (min/day), outdoor time (min/day) and screen time (min/day) on school days outside kindergarten and on weekends were 84 (54,120), 22 (8,40), 12 (0,24) and 18 (6,30), and 170 (115,240), 60 (30,95), 90 (35,120) and 30 (20,60), respectively. When the score of parents sports concept and behavior (total score of 40) were≥34, 29-<34, 24-<29, <24, it was defined as four levels about above medium, medium, lower medium and lower, respectively. And for two dimensions，when the score of parental sports concept were ≥19, 17-<19, 15-<17, <15，and the score of parental behaviors were ≥16, 12-<16, 8-<12, <8, it was defined as four levels about upper medium, medium, lower medium and lower, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The norm of extracurricular activities among preschool children in Chinese cities has good representativeness and appropriate threshold values, which could provide a valuable reference for early assessment, as well as guidance in relation to out-of-school physical activity behaviors among children aged 3-6 years old.

Expression of antimicrobial peptide Cecropin P1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its antibacterial and antiviral activity in vitro

BACKGROUND: Cecropin P1, acting as an antimicrobial, has a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity with some antiviral and antifungal properties. It is a promising natural alternative to antibiotics which is originally isolated from the pig intestinal parasitic nematode Ascaris suum. Many studies have shown that Cecropin P1 is helpful for the prevention or treatment of clinical diseases. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish a safe, nontoxic, and efficient expression method of Cecropin P1. RESULTS: The results indicated that the recombinant protein was about 5.5 kDa showed by Tricine­SDS­ PAGE and Western blot. And Cecropin P1 was efficiently secreted and expressed after 12 h of induction, with an increasing yield over the course of the induction. Its maximum concentration was 7.83 mg/L after concentration and purification. In addition, in vitro experiments demonstrated that Cecropin P1 not only exerted a strong inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., and Pasteurella sp., but also displayed an antiviral activity against PRRSV NADC30-Like strain. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, the strategy of expressing Cecropin P1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is harmless, efficient, and safe for cells. In addition, the expressed Cecropin P1 has antiviral and antibacterial properties concurrently.

HIV/AIDS case detection and influencing factors for late diagnosisin Hangzhou from 2013 to 2018 / 预防医学

Objective@#To analyze current situation of HIV/AIDS case detection and factors associated with late diagnosis among the newly diagnosed cases from 2013 to 2018 in Hangzhou, so as to provide basis for improving the detection capacity of HIV. @*Methods@#The data of HIV testing and newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases in Hangzhou from 2013 to 2018 were collected through the China AIDS Prevention and Control Information System. The proportion of HIV antibody detection and positive cases in different regions, detection ways and high-risk groups were analyzed. The influencing factors for late diagnosis were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. @*Results@#The proportions of cases with HIV detected, HIV positive and late diagnosis increased from 2013 to 2018, and the annual ones were 24.99%, 6.95 per ten thousand and 30.07%, respectively. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that people who were male ( OR=1.656, 95%CI: 1.351-2.030 ) and aged older ( OR: 1.912-5.117, 95%CI: 1.250-7.904 ) had higher risks of late diagnosis; who detected HIV through pre-test of receiving blood ( OR=4.429, 95%CI:2.217-9.225 ) , other inpatient detection ( OR=2.137, 95%CI: 1.615-2.826 ) , preoperative testing ( OR=2.137, 95%CI: 1.615-2.826 ) and testing of STD clinic attendants ( OR=1.359, 95%CI: 1.007-1.834 ) had higher risks of late diagnosis compared to those diagnosed at VCT clinics; who diagnosed at CDCs ( OR=0.714,95%CI: 0.558-0.915 ) and community health centers ( OR=0.645, 95%CI: 0.441-0.943 ) had lower risks of late diagnosis than those diagnosed in hospitals; who were infected by heterosexual contact ( OR=1.299, 95%CI: 1.130-1.493 ) had a higher risk of late diagnosis than MSM; who had history of STD ( OR=0.818, 95%CI: 0.706-0.948 ) had a lower risk of late diagnosis than who did not.@*Conclusions@# HIV testing and case detection had been expanded, but late diagnosis had not been improved in Hangzhou from 2013 to 2018. Age, sex, route and institution of diagnosis, transmission route and history of STD were influencing factors of late diagnosis.

Effect evaluation of interventional training of working memory on children with developmental dyslexia / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effect of working memory intervention training on working memory and literacy of children with developmental dyslexia,so as to provide a preference for practice of the trianing of working memory among children with dyslexia.@*Methods@#A total of 32 children with dyslexia of grade 3-5 in a primary school in Guiyang were randomly divided into two groups: the study group (n=16) and the control group (n=16),and the software of training exercises of working memory was applied to conduct interventional trainings of different durations to 2 gruops of children.@*Results@#Through the intervention training of working memory, the scores of literacy and working memory tasks in the study group (2 217.88±252.32, 105.13±7.68) were significantly higher than those in the control group (1 907.69 ± 545.15, 96.50 ± 11.04) (t=2.06, 2.56, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The working memory ability of children with dyslexia can be improved by working memory intervention training for a certain period of time. The intervention effect is not only significant in the trained working memory task, but also can be extended to other untrained contents such as literacy.

Effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate and phospholipids complex oninflammatory gene expression induced by palmitic acid / 浙江大学学报·医学版

To investigate the effect of glycyrrhizinate and phospholipids (DGPL) complex on inflammatory gene expression in cell inflammation model induced by palmitic acid (PA).Huh7 cells were divided into control, PA and PA+DGPL groups. For control group, cells were treated with BSA; for PA group, cells were incubated with 0.2 mmol/L saturated fatty acid PA, PA+DGPL group was given 20 μmol/L or 100 μmol/L DGPL in addition to 0.2 μmol/L PA. After 24 h, the expression of inflammation-related genes COX-2 and iNOS and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related gene GRP78 was determined by RT PCR. Oil red staining was conducted to observe the effect of DGLP on steatosis.Compared with control group, the expression of COX-2, iNOS and GRP78 in PA group was enhanced to 6.07±0.73(<0.05), 3.18±0.91 (<0.01) and 3.21±1.00(<0.05), respectively. Compared to control group, the expression of COX-2,iNOS and GRP78 in 100 μmol/L DGPL group was reduced to 2.40±0.76, 1.60±0.49 and 1.17 ±0.42 (<0.05); and 20 μmol DGPL had similar inhibition effect on COX-2 and iNOS elevation induced by PA (<0.01,<0.05 respectively). In addition, DGLP enhances the steatosis of Huh7 cells as demonstrated by oil red staining.PA can induce the up-regulated expression of inflammation associated genes COX-2, iNOS and ER stress-associated gene GRP78 in Huh7 cells. DGPL is able to protect Huh7 cells from PA induced inflammatory gene expression and the beneficial effect may be partially due to its unsaturated phospholipid component, which may improve ER stress and enhance steatosis.

RNA interference of RelB enhances the radiosensitivity of prostate cancer cell line RM-1 in mice / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of RNA interference of the RelB gene on the radiosensitivity of the mouse prostate cancer cell line RM-1 and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We constructed RelB siRNA-expressing lentiviral vectors targeting the RelB gene with the molecular biological technique, and determined the expressions of RelB mRNA and protein on radiation after transfection with siRelB mediated by liposome using RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. We also detected the apoptosis of RM-1 cells by FCM assay and their radiosensitivity by clonogenic assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of RelB mRNA and protein were significantly lower in the RM-1 cells than in the control and negative interference groups after transfection with RelB siRNA (P < 0.05), while the apoptosis of RM-1 cells remarkably higher in the siRelB-RM-1 than in the control group after radiation treatment (P < 0.05). The activity of MnSOD was markedly decreased (P < 0.05), and the radiosensitization rate of the RM-1 cells in the RelB-RM-1 group was 5.13 after radiation treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RNA interference of the RelB gene could enhance the radiosensitivity of the mouse prostate cancer cell line RM-1, which might be associated with its inhibition of Mn-SOD expression and induction of cell apoptosis.</p>

Validation for access recirculation and access flow rate measurement by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography during hemodialysis / 生物医学工程学杂志

To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) for the measurement of hemodialysis access recirculation (AR) and access flow rate (Qa), a two pump system was used to simulate access and dialyzer flow. AR and Qa under different conditions, such as reversal connection of dialysis lines and the needle orientation, were compared with each other. The value of access flow and recirculation flow were calculated based on the formulas introduced in this paper, and the correlation and consistency between true flow rate and calculated values were analyzed. The measured R correlated well with true value of flow rate (r = 0.57, P = 0.038, Qa > Qb; r = 0.95, P = 0.001, Qa < Qb). The Bland-altman test showed good agreement between the calculated value based on CEUS and true values. The CEUS can be used as a new advanced technology for AR and Qa measurement.

Surgical strategy for ectopic kidneys: analysis of 35 cases / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the surgical strategy for ectopic kidney and evaluate the clinical outcomes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2000 to October 2009, 35 cases of ectopic kidney were treated surgically in our hospital. Definite diagnoses were established in all the cases by ultrasound, intravenous urography (IVU), cystoscope, CT, magnetic resonance urography (MRU) and radionuclide imaging before the surgery. In these patients, 26 had ipsilateral ectopic ureteral orifice (including 5 with bilateral duplicated kidneys and ureter), 9 had moderate or severe hydronephrosis (including 3 with ectopic kidney calculi), and 24 had dysplastic kidney (24/35). All the patients underwent operations, including 26 with ectopic nephrectomy, 7 with ectopic ureterovesical reimplantation, and 3 with ectopic renal pelvis incision.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The clinical effect was satisfactory in all the cases during the follow up of 7 to 29 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Appropriate surgical approaches according to the concurrent deformities and complications can achieve good clinical results in patients with ectopic kidneys.</p>

Clinical analysis of hyperthyroidism complicated with periodic paralysis / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore relevant factors of hyperthyroidism with periodic paralysis of hypokalemic (TPP).Methods The clinical data of 112 cased with hyperthyroidism complicated periodic paralysis of hypokalemic were retrospectively analyzed and to analyze the relevant factors. Results Compared to control group, the hyperthyroidism with periodic paralysis group had no obvious differences in general factors ( P ＞ 0. 05 ), but had obvious difference in Gender( P ＜0. 05 ) ;Compared to control group, the hyperthyroidism with periodic paralysis group had obvious differences in induction factors(P ＜ 0. 05);Compared to recurrent group, the incipient group had no obvious differences in several factors( P ＞0. 05) ,but had obvious difference in hyperthyroidism medical history over one year( P ＜0. 05) ; Hyperthyroidism with periodic paralysis was strongly associated with hypokalemia, age, gender, tiredness, getting a cold, satiation and hyperthyroidism genetic history ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion The relevant factors of hyperthyroidism with periodic paralysis were hypokalemia, gender, tiredness, getting a cold, intemperance, satiation and hyperthyroidism medical history.

Phloroglucinol: safe and effective for the prevention of bladder spasm after TURP / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of phloroglucinol in preventing bladder spasm after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using the random sampling method, we assigned 74 cases of TURP into a treatment group (n = 39), given 80 mg phloroglucinol every day for 3 days, and a control group (n = 35), left untreated. Then we observed the frequency, duration and pain of bladder spasm within the 3 days and compared them between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean frequency, duration and pain visual analogue score of bladder spasm were (4.3 +/- 1.2) times, (7.2 +/- 2.1) min and 3.2 +/- 1.6 respectively in the treatment group, as compared with (7.5 +/- 2.4) times, (15.6 +/- 6.8) min and 4.7 +/- 2.3 in the control, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). And no obvious adverse reactions were found in the treatment group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Phloroglucinol is safe and effective for the prevention and treatment of bladder spasm following TURP.</p>

Effect of PI3K/AKT inhibitor on benign prostate hyperplasia and its mechanism: an experimental study / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/PKB or PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway inhibitor on benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight SD male adult rats aged 12 weeks were equally randomized to 4 groups: sham operation control, BPH model, 50 mg LY294002 and 100 mg LY294002. The BPH models were made by muscular injection of testosterone propionate at 10 mg/kg/d for 30 days following castration. The LY294002 groups were treated with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 at 50 and 100 mg/kg every other day for 30 days. The prostates of the rats were weighed and the structural changes of the prostatic histiocytes observed under the light microscope. The expressions of Ki-67, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and apoptotic Bax were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the apoptosis of prostatic cells determined by terminal de-oxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prostate wet weight and prostatic index were (551 +/- 10.8) mg and 1.61 +/- 0.05 in the sham operation group, (687 +/- 13.8) mg and 2.15 +/- 0.12 in the BPH model group, (623 +/- 23.5) mg and 1.95 +/- 0.11 in the LY294002 50 mg group (P < 0.05 versus the BPH models) and (561 +/- 12.6) mg and 1.71 +/- 0.18 in the LY294002 100 mg group (P < 0.01 versus the BPH models). The expressions of apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 were 16.7% and 16.7% in the sham operation group, 16.7% and 58.3% in the BPH model group, 33.3% and 33.3% in the LY294002 50 mg group (P < 0.05 versus the BPH models), and 50.0% and 25.0% in the LY294002 100 mg group (P < 0.01 versus the BPH models). The proliferative and apoptotic indexes were 14.2 +/- 6.4 and 6.5 +/- 1.8 in the epithelial and 7.6 +/- 2.6 and 2.5 +/- 0.3 in the interstitial tissue of the sham operation group, 50.9 +/- 12.8 and 2.7 +/- 1.4 in the epithelial and 16.5 +/- 5.7 and 1.3 +/- 0.8 in the interstitial tissue of the BPH models, 32.0 +/- 13.8 and 6.2 +/- 2.5 in the epithelial and 12.1 +/- 3.8 and 1.6 +/- 1.1 in the interstitial tissue of the LY294002 50 mg group (P < 0.05 versus the BPH models), and 17.8 +/- 14.7 and 7.4 +/- 3.6 in the epithelial and 9.5 +/- 3.4 and 2.2 +/- 1.3 in the interstitial tissue of the LY294002 100 mg group (P < 0.01 versus the BPH models).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of prostatic cells in the BPH animal models might be involved in the development and progression of BPH. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of BPH, which could be inhibited by blocking the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of rare mixed prostatic carcinoma / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of rare mixed prostatic carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 6 cases of mixed prostatic tumor confirmed by surgery or transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy, and reviewed the related literature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three of the patients (2 with mixed small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and 1 with adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate) underwent palliative transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate (TUVP) and endocrine therapy, but all died within 7 - 10 months. The other 3 (2 with adenosquamous carcinoma and 1 with carcinosarcoma of the prostate) received cystoprostatectomy, urinary diversion, pelvic lymphadenectomy and radiation therapy, and survived for more than 12 months, with 2 of them still under the follow-up observation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mixed prostatic carcinoma behaves aggressively with poor prognosis, of which the diagnosis relies on meticulous pathological examination and immunohistochemical techniques, and the most effective treatment is radical surgery.</p>

Urethroplasty with tunica vaginalis flap for treating hypospadias with hydrocele: a report of 9 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the treatment of hypospadias with hydrocele.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nine patients with hypospadias complicated by hydrocele underwent urethroplasty with tunica vaginalis flap.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Satisfactory results were achieved in 7 cases, all with a normal anatomic position of urethral meatus, perfect urination and no infection. Local infection and meatal stricture occurred in 1 case, which was restored to normal by urethral sounding. Scrotal urinary fistula developed in another.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With minimum surgical trauma, conveniently available material and fast tissue repair, urethroplasty with tunica vaginalis flap is a desirable method for the treatment of hypospadias with hydrocele.</p>

A clinical analysis of benign prostatic hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complicated by chronic prostatitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed routine examinations and bacterial culture of the expressed prostate secretion (EPS) for 213 cases of BPH, detected mycoplasma, chlamydia and serum PSA, and compared the results of IPSS of those complicated with chronic prostatitis before and after a 4-week anti-inflammatory treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the total cases, 69 (32.4%) were complicated by chronic prostatitis, 27 (12.7%) EPS positive and 15 (7.0%) mycoplasma and chlamydia positive. Among the 69 cases of chronic prostatitis, 7 were found with an elevated level of PSA (> 4 microg/L), and 43 with the mean IPSS score decreased from (12.2 +/- 2.6) before anti-inflammatory treatment to (10.5 +/- 2.3) after it (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EPS examination should be performed for patients with BPH, which is highly significant for the diagnosis of prostatitis, choice of medical or surgical treatment, improvement of therapeutic effect and reduction of complications.</p>

Expression of Ki-67, Bcl-2,Bax and caspase-3 in benign prostatic hyperplasia combined with prostatitis and their significances / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the expression of Ki-67, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 in simple benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and BPH combined with prostatitis,and to evaluate the effect of inflammation on the development and progression of BPH.@*METHODS@#All specimens were obtained from patients undergoing surgical resection of the prostate. The paraffin section of the specimens was stained with hemotoxyline and eosin, and observed under light microscope to examine the inflammation hispathological changes. Sixteen patients with simple BPH (Group A) and 42 patients with BPH combined with prostatitis (Group B) were included. Immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot were used to examine the expression of Ki-67, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3.@*RESULTS@#The expression of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 was significantly higher in Group B than that in Group A (P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Prostatitis can up-regulate Ki-67, Bcl-2 expression, and down-regulate the expression of caspase-3 in BPH. Prostatitis appeared to play an important role in the development of BPH by affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of the prostatic cells.

A multi-center clinical trial of Qianlieantong tablets for chronic prostatitis / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy and safety of Qianlieantong Tablets in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A multi-center, self-controlled open clinical trial was conducted. A total of 280 subjects with chronic prostatitis were enrolled and treated by Qianlieantong Tablets, 3 times a day, 5 tablets each time. Before and after 2 and 4 weeks after the administration, NIH-CPSI scores and white blood cell counts in the prostate secretion were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 273 subjects evaluated, the rates of excellence, effectiveness and ineffectiveness were 35.2% (n = 96), 47.6% (n = 130) and 17.2% (n = 47), respectively, with a total effectiveness rate of 82.8%. After 4 weeks'medication, the scores of the subjects on NIH-CPSI pain, voiding and quality of life and white blood cell counts in prostate secretion were significantly decreased compared with pre-treatment (P < 0.01). No adverse events or laboratory abnormality related to the medication were observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Qianlieantong Tablets has a significant effect on chronic prostatitis with high safety, particularly indicated in chronic prostatitis with pelvic pain.</p>

Smad4 and TGF-beta1 expression and clinical significance in bladder transitional cell carcinoma / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the expression of Smad4 and TGF-beta1 in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC), and to understand the mechanism of invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of BTCC.@*METHODS@#The expressions of Smad4 and TGF-beta1 in samples of 42 human bladder carcinoma and 12 normal bladder mucosa tissues were determined with standard immunohistochemical analysis. We also analyzed the relationship among the expressions of Smad4 and TGF-beta1 and invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of BTCC, and the correlation between Smad4 and TGF-beta1.@*RESULTS@#The positive rate of Smad4 in BTCC was significantly lower than those in normal bladder mucosa tissues (33.3% vs 83.3%, P < 0.01). The expressions of Smad4 in poorly differentiated, invasive, recurrent, or with lymph node metastasis of BTCCs were lower than those in well differentiated, superficial, nonrecurrent, or without lymph node metastasis ones (P <0.05). The positive rate of TGF-beta1 in BTCC was significantly lower than that in normal bladder mucosa tissues (64.3% vs 100%, P <0.01), which was positively correlated to that of Smad4 (P = 0.000).@*CONCLUSION@#The expressions of Smad4 and TGF-beta1 in BTCC decrease with the increase in clinical stage, poor pathological grade, and the recurrence and metastasis of BTCC.

The efficacy and safety in the treatment of chronic abacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome after intraprostatic injection of Chuanshentong / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the clinic efficacy and safety in the treatment of chronic abacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CABP/CPPS) after intraprostatic injection of Chuanshentong.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five milliliter of solution blending Chuanshentong and lidocaine was transperineally injected into one lobe of prostate, once a day for 6 days, for a total of 98 cases of patients who had been diagnosed as chronic abacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. The efficacy was evaluated by the NIH Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (CPSI) after a 12 week follow-up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All cases had completed the follow-up. Fifty-three cases (54.08%) were completely cured, accompanied by remarkable effective in 17 cases (17.35%) and improved in 23 cases (23.47%). The total remarkable efficacy was 71.43% and improved 94. 90%. Scores of CPSI decreased significantly compared with pre-treatment (95% confidence interval 12.85 approximately 17.91).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is suggested that transperineally intraprostatic injection of Chuanshentong may be a useful method for the treatment of CABP/CPPS.</p>

Study on the correlation between Mta-1 expression and ER,u-PA/PAI-1,MVD in bladder transitional cell carcinoma / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of Mta-1 in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC)and to analyze its correlation with the clinical staging,pathologic grading,metastasis and recur- rence,and to explore the possible molecular mechanisms.Methods Samples of 42 cases of BTCC and 12 normal bladder mueosa tissues were examined with immunohistochemical analysis for the expression of Mta- 1,ER,u-PA and PAI-1.Endothelial cells were stained by anti-CD34,and microvascular density(MVD)of carcinoma tissue was calculated.The correlation of Mta-1 expression with the invasion,metastasis,angiogene- sis and recurrence of BTCCs was analyzed;and the correlation of Mta-1 expression with ER,u-PA,PAI-1,and MVD was also analyzed.Results The positive rate of Mta-1 expression in BTCCs was 73.8%(31/42) , while it was 0.0% in normal bladder mucosa tissues(P＜0.01).The expression level of Mta-l increased with the higher clinical stages and pathologic grades of BTCCs;it was higher in recurrence group(100.0% , 15/15)than in non-recurrence group(59.3%,16/27),and high in metastasis group(100.0%,14/14) than in non-metastasis group(60.7%,17/28)(P＜0.05).The expression level of ER increased with the lower clinical stages and pathologic grades of BTCCs;the positive rate of ER expression was 0.0% in 14 ca- ses with metastasis and was 53.6% in 13 of 28 cases without metastasis(P＜0.05);and the rate was 6.7% in 1 of 15 cases with recurrence and 44.4% in 12 of 27 cases without recurrence(P＜0.05).Negative cor- relation was found between Mta-1 and ER expression(r=-0.739,P＜0.01).The positive rate of u-PA ex- pression(59.5%,25/42)was significantly higher in BTCCs than that in normal bladder mucosa tissues (16.7%,2/12)(P＜0.05).Positive correlation was found between u-PA and Mta-1 expression(r= 0.875),while negative correlation was found between u-PA and PAI-1 expression(r=-0.535).The posi- tive rate of PAI-1 expression in normal bladder mucosa tissues(50.0%,6/12)was significantly higher than that in BTCCs(19.0%,8/42)(P＜0.05).In addition,negative correlation was found between PAI-1 and Mta-1 expression(r=-0.706).And positive correlation was found between MVD in BTCCs marked by an- ti-CD34 and Mta-1 expression(r=0.683).Conclusions Mta-1 is highly expressed in BTCCs,and it correlates closely with tumor pathologic grades,clinical stages,recurrence and metastasis.Mta-1 up-regulates the expression of u-PA and down-regulates that of PAI-1,which is associated with invasion and metastasis and acts as an angiogenic mediator in BTCCs.A negative correlation is found between Mta-1 and ER in inva- sion and metastasis of BTCCs.